HISTORY: The party was launched in 2013, by former Cabinet Minister Purno Agitok Sangma, who was earlier a member of the NCP. STATE: Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Nagaland PERFORMANCE: 13 MLAs won from AD(S) in the 2022 state elections, and in the 2019 general elections two of its MPs secured victory, including Anupriya Patel herself. Nationalist Congress Party (Ajit Pawar faction) In a ruling of the Election Commission this year, over which faction is the ‘real’ Shiv Sena, it allotted this group the Shiv Sena’s traditional bow and arrow symbol, stating it had the support of 40 out of 67 MLAs and MLCs in Maharashtra, and 13 out of 22 MPs in both Houses of Parliament (19 MPs in Lok Sabha, three in Rajya Sabha). PERFORMANCE: Currently, Shinde’s faction is in power with the support of the BJP and the Nationalist Congress Party (Ajit Pawar faction). However, this led to a split in the party with Eknath Shinde breaking away in 2022, to form the government with the BJP. It later turned to embrace Hindutva and became a perennial ally of the BJP till the 2019 state assembly elections when it allied with the Congress and the NCP instead. HISTORY: The Shiv Sena was formed by cartoonist Balasaheb Thackeray in 1966, focusing on ideas such as Maratha pride and opposition to non-Maharashtrian workers in the state. It has now been in power at the Centre for two consecutive terms since 2014, currently holding 303 Lok Sabha seats as well as being in government in 15 states, either directly or in a coalition alliance. PERFORMANCE: Starting with winning two seats in the 1984 general elections, the party grown from strength to strength, especially blossoming in the late 1980s, early 1990s on the back of the Ram Janmabhoomi movement. It has championed the cause of Hindu nationalism in the country over the years, and has appointed two prime ministers, Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Narendra Modi. HISTORY: The successor of the erstwhile Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS), the BJP was formed in 1980, after the Janata Party, with which the BJS had allied in 1977, barred members from holding membership.
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